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What Are Stud Fasteners and Their Types?
A stud fastener in its most basic form is a threaded bar, similar in appearance to a machine screw that is devoid of its head. Studs regularly serve as permanent attachments to assemblies, providing the ability for another part to be secured through the use of a nut. Studs may be attached to equipment in various ways, often being welded, swaged, or bonded.
In some instances, a stud fastener may exhibit threading on both ends, allowing for nuts to be secured on each side. In such instances, the stud is known as a stud bolt. In other cases, a stud may also feature a self-tapping thread on one side, permitting permanent attachment to a part when screwed in. The other side is often machined, allowing for a nut to be added. Depending upon one’s particular needs, there are numerous stud variations that may be employed.
Fully threaded stud bolts are quite popular, coming in the form of a length of threaded bar. Generally, such types serve for securing large components together, the assembly being completed with the attachment of nuts to the ends of the fastener. Additionally, such stud variations may also be used as an adjustable member of structure and machines. When installing nuts on fully threaded stud bolts, such components can move across a significant distance while producing large amounts of force.
Tap end stud bolts are another common type, exhibiting a short length of threading on one end and a longer thread on the other. With the shorter threading, the stud may be screwed into the tapped hole of a material. With the longer side, a nut then may be tightened onto the assembly. Double end stud bolts are somewhat similar, though feature equal threading on both sides for the means of accepting nuts.
With a weld bolt, a machine thread extends across the entirety of the component. With a thin wide head, such components are simple to weld. When attached to a material such as a steel fabrication, the weld bolt may provide for a permanently attached stud that may be used for various means.
Clinch studs are somewhat unique, featuring a small tapered head and teeth. When tightened onto sheet metal, the teeth allow for the clinch stud to become permanently swaged. Bonding studs feature a flat wide head that commonly has holes, and threading is provided across the full-length of the component. When bonded into composite parts, a permanent metal stud is achieved.
The final common type of stud is the dowel screw. Generally, such hardware components feature a wood screw on one end of the part and a machine screw on the other. With their design, such studs may be screwed into wood, establishing a permanent stud that can have a part fastened when paired with a nut. To tighten the component, a socket at the end of the machine screw or a hexagonal form between both threads may be used.
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